Primary and secondary infertility in Africa: systematic review with meta-analysis

Table 3 Summary table of the data from included studies showing the pooled prevalence of the causes of male and female infertility using the random effect model

Causes of male infertility^a	Number of studies/SS	Pooled prevalence %	Causes of female infertility	Number of studies /SS	Pooled prevalence %
Oligospermia	10 (2486)	31	Tubal factor	12 (2767)	39.17
Asthenozoospermia	7 (1522)	19.39	Ovulatory disfunction	10 (2528)	31.47
Azoospermia	10 (2486)	14.24	Uterine factor	12 (2886)	18.55
Varicoceles	6 (2435)	19.12	PID	5 (1136)	39.83
Cryptorchidism	4 (1506)	8.9	Endometriosis	5 (1041)	1.65
Teratozoospermia	4 (1435)	7.77	Abortion	3 (502)	36.41
Oligo-asthenozoospermia	3 (1285)	15.12	Cervical factor	3 (395)	27.45
			Puerperal sepsis	3 (502)	19.14

PID pelvic inflammatory disease, SS sample size
^aFor the causes of male infertility, the aforementioned terms in the table are based on the following definitions. Oligospermia is a condition when the number of spermatozoa is less than 15 million per a milliliter of semen. Azoospermia is a name given for the total absence of sperm cells in semen. When progressively motile sperm cells are less than 32% or total motility is less than 40%, it is named as asthenozoospermia. If the number of a sperm cell with abnormal morphology is greater than 4%, it is teratozoospermia. In case when oligospermia and asthenozoospermia found simultaneously the name will be oligo-asthenozoospermia

ISSN: 2054-7099